Trajectory-Based Operations in Dutch medium-altitude airspace under mixed ADS-C equipage conditions
Trajectory-Based Operations (TBO) aim to improve the predictability, efficiency, and safety of air traffic management through the use of intent-based trajectory information. With the growing availability of Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Contract (ADS-C) technology, TBO is becoming increasingly feasible. This thesis focuses on developing a trajectory management framework for the Dutch Flight Information Region (FIR) within the FL100–FL260 range, managed by Amsterdam Area Control Centre. Designed for mixed equipage conditions, it will accommodate both ADS-C-equipped and conventional aircraft, managing inbound and outbound traffic while integrating a conflict detection and resolution module. Operating on a time horizon of minutes to tens of minutes, the framework enables continuous trajectory planning and strategic conflict resolution, while retaining tactical intervention capability. Tested with real-world Dutch traffic scenarios, and potentially extended to lower altitude sectors, the framework represents a pragmatic, evolutionary step towards TBO, enhancing planning capabilities while preserving the flexibility required in current operations.