Alumni

Airports Control Traffic Regions (CTR) and Terminal Manoeuvring Areas (TMA) are characterized by a dense flow of air traffic with high complexity levels. In nominal operations, approach flight path safety management consists in procedures which guide the aircraft to intercept the final approach axis, and the runway slope with an expected configuration to land. Current Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) publications introduced the concept of atypical approaches. Currently, atypical approaches do not have a formal definition.

Certain abnormal flights have been observed in previous studies. These include both Non-Compliant Approaches (NCAs) and Non-Stabilized Approaches (NSA). A stabilized approach is one in which the pilot established and maintains a constant angle glide-path, an approach speed and an aircraft configuration towards a predetermined point on the landing runway. NCA approaches occur when the intermediate and final leg intercepting conditions do not comply with the prescription of the operational documentation. These approaches have found to generate difficulties for both crew and Air Traffic Control (ATC). The concern of NCA occurrence is that it may induce undesirable events such as NSAs or ultimate events such as Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT).

This research will use historical surveillance data from the Amsterdam Flight Information Region, along with past studies on NCA and NSA, to define, identify, and quantify atypical approaches. The goal is to assess the frequency and occurrence of atypical approaches for Amsterdam’s  Airport Schiphol’s runways 18C and 18R.

Graduated: June 2025

Flight Management System (FMS) navigation is sometimes disturbed by certain events in the form of (un)intentional jamming and spoofing of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals. Often through Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). Due to the growing use and dependence on GNSS in aviation a loss of navigation could be a safety issue. It is for that reason that it is needed to investigate if, and for what duration GNSS signal occurs in the Dutch flight region. The primary goal is knowing what the reliability of the GNSS signals is, as received and reported by the aircraft.

By the use of data analysis, the reliability can be tested. Messages are downlinked by aircraft using ADS-B or Mode-S links. Some of those messages contain data related to the GNSS quality, these are the so-called NIC/NAC values. This research aims to get a clear insight of the quality of the GNSS signals in the Dutch airspace.

Graduated: July 2025

Becoming an Air Traffic Control Officer (ATCO) is a rigorous and demanding process, requiring candidates to pass a series of aptitude, psychological, and physical assessments. The low success rate in training results in a shortage of ATCOs, leading to increased workload for those already in service. This, combined with rising air traffic volumes and the urgent need for sustainable aviation operations, underlines the necessity of enhanced automation in air traffic management. Furthermore, the transition from the AAA system to the iCAS system in the coming years is a key priority for LVNL. This research, grounded in the SESAR Master Plan 2025, explores automation opportunities within the iCAS system in comparison to the AAA system. The aim is to identify how automation can help address the challenges faced by ATCO’s, reduce their workload, and support more sustainable aviation operations, ultimately contributing to the efficiency and safety of air traffic management.

Graduated: July 2025

At many airports around the world, runways are used in different ways, including parallel, diverging, and converging operations. Each type of operation comes with its own challenges, depending on the airport’s layout and the way aircraft arrive and depart at the same time. At Schiphol Airport, due to its runway layout, not only parallel and diverging runways are used, but also converging runways. These converging runway operations require special safety measures to ensure that all aircraft can land and take off safely. These measures follow both international and Dutch safety regulations. However, maintaining a high level of safety is an ongoing process. It is important to regularly review whether these measures are effective and how they work in practice. In 2022, after thorough research, LVNL introduced new safety measures to improve the operation of runway combinations where aircraft take off and land on converging runways. These new measures are specifically designed for use in good visibility conditions and during the uniform daylight period. To ensure continuous improvement in safety, it is essential to assess how these measures are applied in daily practice and whether they effectively reduce operational risks. By analyzing real-world data and operational procedures, this research will provide insights into their effectiveness and identify any potential areas for further improvement.

Graduated: July 2025

The weather is something that impacts everyone on a daily basis and much research has been done to improve weather forecasting in the past. This is also the case in the aviation industry, using traditional data sources as well as aircraft measurements. Previous research in this domain has developed the Meteo-Particle (MP) model which constructs a wind field based on data collected by aircraft and UAVs. Research has also been done with new physically inspired machine-learning approaches to create wind fields. This research, with the ultimate goal being to reduce uncertainty in aircraft estimated time of arrival (ETA), intends to approach the problem of creating accurate 3D wind fields with a diffusion neural network, filling in the gaps where there is no aircraft data available. Previous models struggle with non-uniform wind fields, this new approach presents an opportunity for better reconstruction of the wind fields under these conditions.

Graduated: July 2025

The concept of FF-ICE is to reduce the limitations of the current flight plan 2012 in order to support the future environment as detailed in the global ATM operational concept. Which concept is to support future ATM operations. Through the EU implementing rule 118/2021 phase 1, a.o. the introduction and use of a new flight plan will be mandatory 2025, December 31st. To reach this goal it is necessary to investigate if and how these new flight plan alterations can and will be supported by LVNL and her stakeholders.  Today’s flight plan presents the ATCO and other stakeholders the initial intend of a flight. No modifications during the flight are possible. However, FF-ICE phase 1 is designed to manage this problem specially towards Trajectory Based Operations. This new flight plan will be introduced to provide richer route/trajectory descriptions to support the efficient use of air space worldwide. This research aims to identify the alterations already in place or needed within LVNL and her stakeholders to comply with EU implementing rule 118/2012.

Graduated: May 2025

Currently, the taxiway maintenance planning at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (AAS) is determined based on technical necessity, and often not based on the impact on ground operations. Including the impact on operations is then done at a later stage, resulting in maintenance projects being pushed through because it is not operationally feasible. An important operational effect that depends on maintenance planning is the impact on the workload of ground controllers. This workload should not become too high due to taxiway maintenance, otherwise safety and ground capacity at the airport will deteriorate. It is therefore essential to study the relationship between the closure of taxiways due to maintenance and the workload of ground controllers in order to test the feasibility of maintenance plans. In this thesis project, this relationship is studied and it is clarified when and for how long taxiways can be closed for maintenance at AAS such that the workload of ground controllers remains within acceptable limits.

Graduated: February 2025

In complex and dynamic environments, real-time data sharing is more important than ever. It’s no surprise that Eurocontrol’s Airport Collaborative Decision Making (ACDM) system, which focuses on improving the efficiency and resilience of airport operations by optimizing resource use and enhancing air traffic predictability through real-time data sharing, is yielding positive results. For both inbound and outbound flights, this system has minimized delays caused by miscommunication or a lack of transparency among stakeholders. However, when it comes to towing operations, which share many operational similarities with flight movements, the same improvements haven’t been realized. In towing operations, it’s still common for there to be poor information exchange between stakeholders, making the process unpredictable and inefficient. This research aims to improve the predictability and efficiency of aircraft towing through enhanced real-time information sharing, potentially reducing disruptions, congestion, and APU runtime, while optimizing tow truck use and overall operational performance.

Graduated: February 2025

At LVNL a Decision Support System (DST) is used to support ACC Supervisors and Flow Managers (FMP) in their decisions to issue flow regulations to the Network Manager of Eurocontrol in Brussels. The horizon at which flow regulations are typically issued is three to four hours before arrival at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport. However, at this time horizon, a significant portion of the arriving traffic is still on the ground at the so-called out-stations. Previous research has shown that a significant portion of the uncertainty in the predicted traffic demand is originated in the pre-departure phase. This research aims to develop a machine learning model that makes an improved estimation of the Take Off Time.

Graduated: January 2025

LVNL uses a Decision Support Tool (DST) to manage and mitigate delays up to four hours ahead. Accurate weather forecasts play a crucial role in accurately predicting the airport’s capacity. Specifically low visibility conditions due to fog severely limit the capacity due to the large separation between aircraft that is needed to ensure safe operations. Fog can arise and dissipate within a matter of minutes. Besides that, it can occur on very small spatial scales, as small as a couple hundred metres. Ordinary weather forecasting tools are often incapable of capturing this very small-scale and short-lived nature of fog. Using machine learning algorithms to forecast fog poses a promising solution to this issue. Using observations on the airfield, visibility forecasts can be made for multiple areas at the airport. A small-scale, accurate fog forecast greatly increases the capability of air traffic controllers to anticipate lower capacities, and therefore timely mitigate delays.

Graduated: November 2024